Osteoarthritis of the Knee

What osteoarthritis of the knee?

Osteoarthritis (OA) of the knee refers to a degenerative process in which the structures inside the knee degenerate, or wear out, over time. This is a process that occurs over several years and involves a slow breakdown of the cartilage lining the surfaces of the knee joint. It is associated with abnormal bony overgrowths known as spurs, or osteophytes. As the cartilage wears out, the joint-spaces in the knee become narrower over time (seen on X-ray). It is associated with a variety of factors, including age and genetics, but may also be related to a history of injury.

What symptoms does osteoarthritis cause?

Osteoarthritis can lead to pain, stiffness, swelling, and knee dysfunction. Some individuals may also feel a grinding sensation inside the knee.

How is osteoarthritis diagnosed?

Osteoarthritis is diagnosed via an evaluation by your doctor as well as X-rays, which will show evidence of the degenerative process.

How is osteoarthritis treated?

There are a variety of treatments that your physician can offer you to reduce the pain and discomfort associated with osteoarthritis. These include injections, knee bracing, physical therapy, icing and medications. Flexibility exercises should be done to promote normal range of motion around the joint and specific strengthening exercises can provide joint support and improve function, without producing symptoms. When the osteoarthritis is severe and unresponsive to non-surgical measures, knee replacement surgery (also known as arthroplasty) may be considered.